The study investigates the problem of school drop-outs in the Betasing Community and Rural Development Block of West Garo Hills, Meghalaya. Despite India’s commitment to achieving Universalization of Elementary Education (UEE), dropout rates remain alarmingly high, particularly in rural and tribal areas. Using a normative survey method, data were collected through interviews and observations from 30 drop-out students, parents, and teachers across three villages—Sonabill, Marakapara, and Koch Sonamittee. The findings reveal that poverty, shortage of working hands for agriculture, poor academic performance, lack of parental awareness, large family size, and unattractive school conditions are the major causes of dropouts. Other socio-cultural factors such as illiteracy of parents, unwed mothers, and inadequate school facilities also contribute significantly. The study emphasizes that reducing dropouts requires a holistic approach involving government policies, community participation, teacher commitment, provision of free educational facilities, health care, and social awareness. Practical suggestions include strengthening Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), improving teacher accountability, offering financial and nutritional support, and creating attractive and relevant school programmes. The paper concludes that universal access to elementary education is vital for social justice, democracy, and sustainable development in India.